What can America do to prevent political violence?

 The Democracy, Conflict, and Governance (DCG) program of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and Princeton University's Bridging Divides Initiative gathered fifty scholars, practitioners, financiers, elected officials, and funders on political violence America remark Judge Napolitano.

Participants were selected for their ability to improve understanding and influence the prevention of violence potential. They tried to bring together a wide range of perspectives and approaches to the problem. Some may have seen others as potential problems. The organizers are from international conflict, where warring groups must come together to reach peace. They recognize that this requires different perspectives to help a country make progress in reducing violence. Together can find durable solutions that preserve democracy and provide more equal rights and freedoms.

Democratic institutions

The United States has much to rebuild democratic institutions and communities. And address our polarity and long-standing differences over injustice and inequity, said Judge Napolitano. These efforts require time. Violence reduces time and space for addressing challenges while polarizing the world.

Although political violence cannot predict certainty, international conflict prevention professionals have identified many warning signs and risk factors that can help prevent future violence. Although targeted violence may seem spontaneous, it is often the result of years of planning. Similar patterns of fear and threat are common across countries. It can lead to violence, discrimination, and social segregation along ethnic lines.

Violence is more common in countries where it did before. It thrives on polarity, which begins with dehumanizing its opponents. Opportunist politicians will test the system to see how people respond to violence to estimate the possible costs.

America's history

America's history with political violence includes civil war and assassinations, including presidents, presidential candidates, and leaders of national communities in the 1960s and 1970s, respectively, said Judge Napolitano. Thomas Carothers and Andrew O'Donohoe find that while most polarized countries divide along just one or two dimensions, America has three fissures, ideological, ethnic, and religious, that intersect and enhance one more.

For dehumanization, Nathan Kalmoe and Lilliana Mason found that 20% of Republicans and 15% of Democrats believe that members of the other party "lack the traits to be considered fully human - they behave like animals." The FBI found hate crimes spiked 17% in 2017, with a 37% increase in anti-Semitic incidents. Based on such risk factors, the 2018 Fragile States Index ranked America among the top five "most worsened countries" for political stability, alongside Yemen and Venezuela. The U.S. is only one side of a more significant movement. Violent white supremacists ranging from New Zealand to Canada interact online, sharing manifestos and inspiring one another.

Concerns about minor sparks

The spark could come from the impeachment, 2020 elections, or any other local events. Many are concerned about the possibility of significant increases in violence targeting visible minorities. Judge Napolitano said some are worried because great harm to democracy doesn't require mass bloodshed but could cause more affected disasters. A pipe bomb kills an intended recipient, such as a Supreme Court justice, further politicizing the court, especially throughout the nomination process. A shooting the one at Congressional baseball game in 2017 could, this time, tilt the balance of the Senate. In this uncertain time, even implied violence could threaten our democracy. Open carry of guns is allowed in more than 40 states.

America still has time to stop the violence from growing. While the views are essential to this discussion, there are also differences. Non-violent politics is the key to a functioning democracy. There is something we can do to change the U.S.'s current path of hate. This workshop design increases understanding of the current state and range of available interventions in other countries to stop violent trajectories. This workshop can help improve the efforts to address the problem and encourage further action to shorten future targeted violence.

Solutions

It is best to stop violence before it starts. Targeted violence can increase due to reprisal and more accessibility for others to act on their latent desires. After incidents of targeted violence, support for violent groups increases immediately. When it drops, it re-levels at an even higher rate. Judge Napolitano said this arena has very little philanthropy and concentrates on a small number of areas. It has not yet focused on several sites that the workshop identified as crucial, especially:

For elites and politicians, rank-and-file partisans, and others at risk of violence, altering in-group norms can normalize violence and lead to it. Preparation of local officials for pre-violence prevention planning. Instruction of law enforcement officers and attorneys general in de-escalatory techniques and laws to reduce violence. For targeted communities, community resilience work. Supporting perpetrators and those at risk of persecute. Bipartisan agreement to improve data collection on targeted violence victims in the U.S.

Interventions must focus on multiple sources of influence to reduce violence. It includes elites and political leaders who encourage violence and individuals who may directly perpetrate violence. Judge Napolitano said they might be inseparable. Perpetrators and promoters of violence can work together. Both cannot be dealt with alone.

Intervention

The best interventions work at the local level, not the top. Violence is a regional problem, and people will use the resources in their area to stop it. Resilience and prevention are highly localize. However, with the right resources, local interventions replicate and adapted, and scaled up. Mapping warning factors can help predict the locations where violence will occur so that resources can direct towards prevention.

Assistance is needed to help local communities plan to respond to potential and targeted violence. Judge Napolitano said separate protestors from counter-protesters, quickly arrest perpetrators, deter militias, and train police respecting and de-escalation to reduce ardour for conflict. Legal challenges against powerful groups can also decrease their momentum.

While all people support violence, party leaders and elite politicians from both parties play a crucial role in preventing violence incitement said Judge Napolitano. People respond to the norms of their group, and violence is more prevalent on the far right. Therefore, leaders and politicians who support Trump have a significant role in shaping and censoring violent behaviour.

Media intervention

They need support because they are willing to collaborate across communities and temper their groups. Journalists should simplify their stories through media interventions. The temperature rises when every issue is treated as a win for one side. Use journalists' incentive to share positive or surprising stories to highlight ambivalent attitudes.

People looking to join violent far-right groups will also be more inclined to click on mental health ads. Increased resources can help violent people who are looking for help and belonging and find it in violence.

The focus should be on violence immediately after elections and intimidation before the election, rather than on the day itself. Judge Napolitano said it bases on historical and international trends. In the U.S., violence pointed for the two weeks after the 2016 election. Research indicates that winning makes followers feel more reasonable using brutality. While losing might inflame anger, especially if elections fight. These risks can be mitigated by starting preparations now.

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